What should declining Japanese cities do?

Aging societies and population decline have been on the rise globally. However, the factors that correlate with population changes in cities of varying sizes have not been clarified. Dr. Haruka Kato, a junior associate professor at Osaka Metropolitan University, examined these multidimensional factors using the Economic, Social, and Educational (ESE) dataset, which is a cross-sectional dataset of 270 indicators of each Japanese city.