Wednesday, May 14, 2025

Laser beam can cast a shadow under certain conditions

Challenging this long-held belief.

In a new study, researchers used a ruby crystal and specific laser wavelengths to show that a laser beam can block light and cast a visible shadow through a nonlinear optical process. This occurs when light interacts with a material in an intensity-dependent way, influencing another optical field. Lead researcher Abrahao suggests that this discovery could have applications in optical switching, where one light controls another, and in technologies requiring precise light transmission control, such as high-power lasers.

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yellowstone lake

A magma cap beneath Yellowstone National Park

An eruption is not imminent.

Scientists have identified a magma cap beneath Yellowstone National Park, located about 2.4 miles (3.8 km) below the surface. This cap acts as a pressure-regulating layer, preventing magma from rising too quickly and reducing the likelihood of an eruption. The cap consists of molten silicate materials, supercritical water, and porous rock, which trap heat and gas within the volcanic system. Researchers used seismic imaging and advanced modeling to study its structure.

Science
carbon dioxide symbol on green background

Novel material can convert CO₂ into fuel

Hybrid Tincone Material Enhances Stability and Electrochemical Performance

Researchers have developed a stable metalcone thin film for converting atmospheric CO₂ into methanol, a liquid fuel. By mildly annealing tincone at 250°C, they improved its stability in aqueous solutions while enhancing its electrochemical properties. This breakthrough overcomes a major challenge in using Metalcones for carbon reduction applications. The next step involves integrating this engineered material into real-world systems to assess its efficiency in CO₂ conversion. This innovation paves the way for more sustainable fuel production and advances in photoelectrochemical applications.

Largest Organic Molecules Ever Found on Mars Hint at Complex Chemistry

Martian Clues to Life? NASA Rover Finds Large Organic Molecules on...

Discovery of Hydrocarbons Strengthens Case for Ancient Habitability

NASA’s Curiosity rover has detected the largest organic molecules ever found on Mars—decane, undecane, and dodecane. These hydrocarbons, believed to be fragments of fatty acids, suggest that Mars' organic chemistry may have been more complex than previously thought. The findings support the possibility that ancient Mars had the right conditions for life. Scientists emphasize the need to bring samples back to Earth for deeper analysis, as Curiosity's instruments may not detect even larger, more complex molecules that could further reveal Mars’ potential for past life.

Hydrogen

A cost-effective catalyst to revolutionize hydrogen production

A low-cost palladium-based nanosheet

Researchers from the Tokyo University of Science developed a new catalyst called bis(diimino)palladium coordination nanosheets (PdDI). These low-cost palladium-based nanosheets perform as well as platinum in producing hydrogen. Created using a simple synthesis process with minimal precious metals, the nanosheets reduce metal usage and lower hydrogen production costs.

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